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All scales are determined by the intervals from note to note.  For example, a major scale has half steps between 3 - 4 and 7- 8.

The following example shows a basic C major scale.

Major Scale

 

 

 

 

 

W = Whole step

H = Half step

 

Remember - a tetrachord is a four note scale pattern.  Two tetrachords combined make a scale.  In a major scale the tetrachords have the same intervals.  The lower tetrachord and upper tetrachordhave the same intervals.

Lower Tetrachord

1 - W - 2 - W - 3 - H - 4

Upper Tetrachord

5 - W - 6 - W - 7 - H - 8

Together

1 - W - 2 - W - 3 - H - 4 - W - 5 - W - 6 - W - 7 - H - 8